Decentralized biological treatment
A packaged biological treatment system for decentralized domestic wastewater, integrating A/O contact oxidation, clarification and configurable polishing, disinfection and control functions within a transportable container arrangement.
Product overview
An engineering summary of the packaged treatment duty, A/O process basis and internal functional zones.
A containerized wastewater treatment plant is a packaged wastewater treatment plant that combines the biological reactor, solids separation and selected auxiliary treatment functions in a factory-fabricated enclosure. It can form the core of a decentralized wastewater treatment system where a compact, transportable equipment package is preferable to constructing every process unit as a separate civil structure.
The standard containerized sewage treatment plant uses an anoxic/aerobic (A/O) biological treatment process based on contact oxidation, followed by clarification. At equipment level it is an integrated wastewater treatment system that can also include filtration, disinfection, phosphorus-removal equipment, blowers, pumps, valves, instrumentation and a control cabinet. Screening, flow equalization, lifting and sludge handling may remain outside the container and must be defined in the project scope.
The standard process basis is A/O contact oxidation with clarification, not a membrane bioreactor (MBR) or sequencing batch reactor (SBR). MBBR and intermittent low-flow operating modes are project-specific alternatives that require separate process and control confirmation.
Receives equalized wastewater and distributes it into the biological treatment section at the selected hydraulic rate.
Provides mixed, low-oxygen conditions for the selected denitrification duty using attached-growth contact media.
Supplies oxygen through the aeration system while wastewater contacts the biological media.
Separates biological solids and routes the defined sludge and nitrified-liquid return flows.
Applies the selected filtration and chlorine-tablet or ultraviolet disinfection arrangement where required.
Houses the applicable blowers, pumps, valves, dosing equipment, instrumentation and central control cabinet.
Engineering advantages
Review the engineering implications of packaged construction, modular capacity, final treatment and operating strategy.
Combines the core biological, clarification and control functions in one equipment package while keeping external interfaces explicit.
Individual units can be evaluated separately and multiple units can be arranged in parallel when the total project flow exceeds a single-unit duty.
Container construction supports factory assembly and site delivery, subject to transport limits, lifting plans and site access.
A dedicated equipment room provides access to the selected blowers, pumps, valves, instruments and controls.
Filtration, phosphorus removal, disinfection and monitoring are selected against the actual effluent requirement rather than assumed for every model.
Continuous or intermittent operating modes can be configured for the confirmed hydraulic and pollutant load. The selected control strategy must be commissioned for each project.
Applications
Application fit depends on wastewater characteristics, flow variability, treatment requirements, climate, utilities and operator coverage.
Representative settings include rural communities, transport service areas and institutional sites. Final suitability depends on confirmed project conditions.
Decentralized treatment of collected domestic wastewater from villages, residential communities and small settlements.
Confirm population equivalent, diurnal flow profile, infiltration, temperature and the applicable discharge or reuse requirement.
Domestic wastewater from highway service areas and other sites with intermittent occupancy and variable daily loading.
Provide peak visitor periods, food-service contribution, oil and grease data, vehicle-wash contribution and low-flow operating conditions.
Packaged sewage treatment for campuses, hotels, sanatoriums, camps and similar facilities outside a suitable sewer connection.
Define occupancy patterns, seasonal shutdowns, kitchen wastewater, cleaning chemicals and operator availability.
Modular wastewater treatment plant deployment where capacity is introduced in stages or a transportable package is required for a defined service period.
Separate the duty of each unit from the combined project capacity and confirm relocation, storage and recommissioning requirements.
Treatment of collected sewage intercepted before it enters a river, channel or other receiving water.
Characterize dilution, stormwater ingress, sediment, hydraulic surges and the permitted discharge route before selection.
Selected wastewater with pollutant characteristics comparable to domestic sewage after suitable pretreatment.
Treatability testing is required; toxicity, salinity, oil, solvents, cleaning chemicals and shock loads can make the standard domestic-sewage basis unsuitable.
Performance
Operating ranges vary by model and project conditions; they are not universal performance or energy guarantees.
| Parameter | Value / range | Engineering note |
|---|---|---|
| Process basis | A/O contact oxidation | The standard configuration is not an MBR or SBR. An MBBR variant requires separate, project-specific confirmation. |
| Single-unit capacity range | 20-300 m³/d | The 13 model configurations cover maximum 24-hour design flows from 20 to 300 m³/d. Final capacity depends on mass loading and operating conditions. |
| Influent design basis | CODCr 300; BOD₅ 150; NH₄-N 30; TN 45; TP 4 mg/L | Recalculate the process when any design indicator exceeds this basis. |
| Anoxic-zone hydraulic retention time | 2-4 h | Verify the selected retention time against the confirmed load, temperature and reactor volume. |
| Aerobic-zone hydraulic retention time | 3-5 h | Calculate the final oxygen demand, media loading and operating conditions for the selected duty. |
| Internal nitrified-liquid recycle | 400-800% by air lift | An adjustable air-lift recycle is used. Confirm the design ratio, air demand and control method for the selected duty. |
| Clarifier sludge return | Gravity return arrangement | Define the required sludge-return and wasting rates during design and commissioning. |
| Filtration options | Mini fibre filter plate or static-pressure sand filter | Filter selection and backwash duty depend on secondary-effluent solids and the required final water quality. |
| Disinfection options | Chlorine tablets or ultraviolet | Dose, contact conditions, UV transmittance, residual limits and local requirements must be evaluated separately. |
| Electrical power range | Installed: 3.78-6.97 kW; common: 0.23-2.22 kW | Installed and operating power vary by model. These values do not represent a universal kWh/m³ energy-consumption guarantee. |
Working principle
The treatment train combines external pretreatment and equalization with A/O contact oxidation, internal return flows, clarification and selected final treatment.
Labels describe equipment flow and components; operating values still require the approved model data.
External screening, grit removal, grease control and flow equalization protect the packaged biological process and stabilize the feed.
Equalized wastewater enters the A zone, where mixing and attached biomass support the selected anoxic treatment and denitrification duty.
The O zone supplies oxygen through the aeration system so attached and suspended biomass can reduce biodegradable load and nitrify under the confirmed design conditions.
An air-lift return transfers nitrified mixed liquor to the anoxic section at the project-specific ratio required for nitrogen removal.
The integrated clarifier separates biological solids. Settled sludge follows the defined gravity-return and wasting arrangement.
The selected filter polishes suspended matter. Phosphorus removal is added only where the influent and effluent basis requires it.
The selected chlorine-tablet or ultraviolet stage treats clarified or filtered effluent before verified discharge or reuse.
System configuration
Separate the integrated container functions from external headworks, equalization, pumping, sludge handling and site interfaces before issuing a technical proposal.
Final interfaces and included equipment are defined by the agreed project scope.
Confirm whether the required process is the standard A/O contact-oxidation configuration or a project-specific biological variant such as MBBR.
Define which headworks, equalization, lifting, polishing, disinfection, sludge storage and monitoring items are inside or outside the packaged scope.
Translate the applicable discharge or reuse requirement into a project-specific design basis instead of relying on a model-code letter alone.
Assign flow and standby duty to each unit and distinguish the capacity of one container from the combined project capacity.
Assess insulation, enclosure, heating and minimum biological water temperature for low-ambient-temperature sites.
Confirm PLC/HMI functions, instruments, alarms, remote access, cybersecurity and plant-level interface requirements.
External headworks and balancing protect the packaged plant from debris and hydraulic shock.
Mixed contact-media zone for the confirmed denitrification and organic-load duty.
Aerated biological section with contact media and the selected blower and diffuser arrangement.
Settles biological solids and connects to the defined sludge-return and wasting paths.
Air-lift nitrified-liquid recycle, gravity sludge return and excess-sludge withdrawal are set during design and commissioning.
Selected polishing and phosphorus-removal equipment is included only where required by the project basis.
Chlorine-tablet or UV equipment is sized against flow, water quality and the applicable final requirement.
Applicable blowers, pumps, valves, dosing equipment, instruments and the central cabinet occupy the service area.
Main equipment
Supporting / optional equipment
Technical data
Models A and B correspond to Class IA and Class IB treatment configurations respectively; W denotes a wide container, HC a high container and GC a standard container. Capacity is the maximum 24-hour design flow for each model under the defined influent basis and is not a universal performance guarantee. Confirm process configuration, influent, effluent requirement, power basis and dimensions in the project technical proposal before selection.
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| Model | L × W × H | Occupied area | Maximum capacity | Installed power | Common power |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GL-A-W-57HC | 17,374 × 3,000 × 2,946 mm | 54 m² | 250 m³/d | 6.97 kW | 2.22 kW |
| GL-A-W-53HC | 16,154 × 3,000 × 2,946 mm | 50 m² | 225 m³/d | 6.97 kW | 2.22 kW |
| GL-A-40HC | 12,192 × 2,600 × 2,896 mm | 32 m² | 150 m³/d | 5.46 kW | 0.77 kW |
| GL-A-30HC | 9,125 × 2,600 × 2,896 mm | 24 m² | 100 m³/d | 5.11 kW | 0.77 kW |
| GL-A-20HC | 6,058 × 2,438 × 2,896 mm | 15 m² | 55 m³/d | 4.71 kW | 0.71 kW |
| GL-A-15HC | 4,572 × 2,438 × 2,896 mm | 11 m² | 35 m³/d | 4.53 kW | 0.49 kW |
| GL-B-W-57HC | 17,374 × 3,000 × 2,946 mm | 54 m² | 300 m³/d | 5.47 kW | 2.22 kW |
| GL-B-W-53HC | 16,154 × 3,000 × 2,946 mm | 50 m² | 260 m³/d | 5.47 kW | 2.22 kW |
| GL-B-40HC | 12,192 × 2,600 × 2,896 mm | 32 m² | 200 m³/d | 4.02 kW | 0.77 kW |
| GL-B-30HC | 9,125 × 2,600 × 2,896 mm | 24 m² | 125 m³/d | 4.02 kW | 0.77 kW |
| GL-B-20HC | 6,058 × 2,438 × 2,896 mm | 15 m² | 70 m³/d | 4.16 kW | 0.71 kW |
| GL-B-15HC | 4,572 × 2,438 × 2,896 mm | 11 m² | 50 m³/d | 3.98 kW | 0.49 kW |
| GL-B-10GC | 2,991 × 2,438 × 2,896 mm | 8 m² | 20 m³/d | 3.78 kW | 0.23 kW |
Equipment selection
Selection starts with hydraulic and pollutant mass loading, then confirms effluent requirements, climate, site constraints, utilities, automation and redundancy.
Provide average, peak-hour and peak-day flow, operating hours, seasonal variation, infiltration and the minimum sustained flow.
Confirm COD, BOD₅, TSS, ammonia, TN, TP, pH, alkalinity, temperature, oil and grease, salinity and any inhibitory compounds.
Provide the governing discharge or reuse limits, averaging period, sampling basis and any commissioning or seasonal conditions.
Evaluate organic and nutrient load, biodegradability, carbon availability, alkalinity, oxygen demand, sludge age and minimum water temperature.
Define screening, equalization, lift pumping, recycle, sludge wasting, backwash, drainage and final-discharge interfaces.
Confirm available footprint, access, transport route, crane reach, foundation, frost depth, flooding risk, ventilation and maintenance clearance.
Confirm voltage, frequency, water supply, chemical availability, PLC/HMI, signals, remote communications and operator coverage.
Define duty/standby philosophy, permitted outage, modular expansion stages and the capacity assigned to each individual unit.
Engineering support
Engineering support covers process definition, modular layout, interface coordination and technical deliverables for the agreed equipment scope.
Review flow, influent, effluent, temperature and operating data before assigning a preliminary process and capacity basis.
Define the A/O, clarification, recycle, filtration, phosphorus-removal and disinfection arrangement for the confirmed duty.
Evaluate individual-unit duty, parallel-unit arrangement, standby philosophy, access, foundations and lifting requirements.
Identify external headworks, equalization, pumping, chemicals, sludge handling, utilities, controls and final-discharge connections.
Prepare the applicable data sheet, general arrangement, process information and utility requirements for the agreed supply scope.
Technical FAQ
Preliminary selection guidance for process, capacity, operation and modular deployment; final values require project-specific technical review.
It is a packaged treatment system that integrates the core biological reactor, solids separation and selected auxiliary equipment within a transportable container enclosure. External screening, equalization, pumping, polishing or sludge handling may still be required depending on the project.
The standard configuration is an A/O contact-oxidation system with clarification. It is not an MBR or SBR. MBBR and intermittent low-flow control modes are project-specific alternatives and require separate process confirmation.
The model range covers maximum 24-hour capacities from 20 to 300 m³/d for individual configurations. Actual capacity depends on influent loads, temperature, effluent requirements, process configuration and operating conditions. A multi-container project capacity is the combined duty of its assigned units, not the capacity of one unit.
Provide average and peak flow, operating hours, influent COD, BOD₅, TSS, ammonia, TN, TP, pH, alkalinity and temperature, plus the applicable discharge or reuse requirements, site constraints, utilities and redundancy needs.
Not necessarily. Coarse screening, grit removal and equalization are normally arranged upstream of the packaged biological unit. The project supply boundary must state which headworks, tankage and pumping equipment are external.
The A/O process uses an anoxic section, an aerobic section and an air-lift nitrified-liquid recycle. Nitrogen performance depends on temperature, carbon availability, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, sludge age, recycle ratio and the confirmed influent and effluent basis.
Available polishing options include a mini fibre filter plate or static-pressure sand filter, followed by chlorine-tablet or ultraviolet disinfection where required. The appropriate option depends on secondary-effluent quality, solids loading, UV transmittance, dose and contact requirements, residual limits and maintenance capability.
Continuous operation is typical at higher load, while intermittent operation may be configured for low-flow conditions. This is a control strategy for the A/O package, not an SBR process designation. The operating logic must be commissioned against actual flow and loading.
Yes, multiple units can be evaluated for a larger or phased project. Each unit's assigned flow and load, common headworks, hydraulic distribution, standby philosophy, sludge route and plant-level controls must be defined explicitly.
No. Model designations may correspond to different effluent classes and are based on a defined influent basis. Achievable performance depends on confirmed influent, temperature, process configuration, chemicals, operation and the project-specific design requirement. A final guarantee must come from an approved technical proposal.
Engineering inquiry
Share your design flow, influent analysis, effluent requirement, site layout, climate and utility conditions. KUOSI can use the available data to begin evaluating the process basis, individual-unit duty and project interfaces.
